[翻译] SAP 质量管理 ---检验策划：以质量为核心战略付诸行动 （4.1)

检验策划：以质量为核心战略付诸行动检验策划者或质量工程师在公司实施了预定义的规划策略，包括： 使用FMEA和控制计划执行闭环的检验计划 定义质量检验的触发时机、类型和范围 创建和管理作为质量检验基础的任务清单 管理和处理任务清单里用到的基础数据* 为统计过程控制定义程序 为了完成这些任务，你可以采用可复用的可堆砌的基础数据和一个柔性化的规划工具。 闭环检验策划：失效模式与影响分析和控制计划闭环的检验策划意味着一个集成的为货物接收检验和为生产中检验的检验计划，他开始于新产品开发过程刚刚开始的时候。 典型的闭环检验策划过程由以下步骤组成：首先由来至不同部门的一组专家一起工作生成FMEA. 。在这种情况下，指出有高安全风险的产品和过程特性。第二步，这些特性被转化到控制计划。控制计划给出了一个对成品检验的概览，包括所有组件，这也是第三步的基础，维护操作的检验计划和工艺路线。 一旦产品被生产，供应商必须实施始于持续改善过程的环过程。每个内部或外部投诉必须依靠预防措施验证无误，这些措施在闭环的检验策划的第一步里定义。投诉的处理结果可以用于修订FMEA和控制计划以及操作计划。 FMEA 是一个早期探测和消除在产品或过程里可能的实效和问题的分析方法。在质量管理背景下，次方法用于预防避免实效。SAP ERP 提供工具去监视同时也作为生成FMEA产品或过程的战场。 FMEA可以用于6 sigma项目里的根源分析，产品开发阶段的风险管理，和运作的质量控制和计划。FMEA支持符合ISO/TS 16949(汽车行业)。INSPECTION PLANNING: PUTTING QUALITYSTRATEGIES INTO ACTIONAs inspection planner or qualityengineer, you implement predefinedplanning strategies in your company.This includes:• Performing closed-loop inspectionplanning with FMEA and control plans• Defining the trigger, type, and scopeof quality inspections• Creating and managing task lists asthe basis for quality inspections• Managing and processing the basicdata used in task lists• Determining the procedure for statisticalprocess controlTo complete these tasks, you can usethe reusable basic data as buildingblocks and a flexible planning tool.Closed-Loop Inspection Planning:Failure Mode and Effects Analysisand Control PlanClosed-loop inspection planning meansan integrated inspection planning forgoods receipt inspection and forinspection during production, and itstarts at the very beginning of theproduct development process for anew product.Typically the closed-loop inspectionplanning process comprises the followingsteps:The first step is to work in a team ofexperts from different departments tocreate an FMEA. In doing so, the productand process characteristics witha high safety risk are pointed out. Ina second step, these characteristicsare transferred into a control plan. Thecontrol plan gives an overview about allinspections for a final product, includingall components, and is the basis for thethird step, maintaining the operationalinspection plans and routings.As soon as the product is produced,the supplier has to implement a closedloopprocess starting with a continuousimprovement process. Each internal orexternal complaint must be checkedagainst the preventive actions, whichhave been defined in the FMEA duringthe first step of the closed-loop inspectionplanning. One result of the complaintcould be to change the FMEAand control plan as well as operationalplans.FMEA is an analytical method for earlydetection and elimination of possiblefailures and issues in products andprocesses. In the context of qualitymanagement, this method is used forpreventive failure avoidance. SAP ERPoffers tools for monitoring as well as acockpit for building an FMEA product orprocess structure. FMEA can be usedfor root-cause analysis in Six Sigmaprojects, risk assessment during productdevelopment, and operational qualitycontrol and planning. FMEA supportscompliance with ISO/TS16949 (automotiveindustry).