ISTA测试方式大全

Unfortunately, this common question cannot be answered directly, but must be determined in each case through an understanding of the various ISTA tests and their applications.

There are currently 23 different ISTA Procedures and Projects. Some of these are basic tests -- very non-specific in terms of the products, packages, and distribution systems to which they apply. Others, however, are quiet specific, and are applicable only in certain situations. The 23 tests, with short titles, are:
* 1A Packaged-Products weighing 150 lb (68 kg) or Less
* 1B Packaged-Products weighing Over 150 lb
* 1C Extended Testing for Individual Packaged-Products weighing 150 lb (68 kg) or Less
* 1D Extended Testing for Individual Packaged-Products weighing Over 150 lb (68 kg)
* 1E Unitized Loads
* 1G Packaged-Products weighing 150 lb (68 kg) or Less (Random Vibration)
* 1H Packaged-Products weighing Over 150 lb (68 kg) (Random Vibration)
* 2A Packaged-Products weighing 150 lb (68 kg) or Less
* 2B Packaged-Products weighing Over 150 lb (68 kg)
* 2C Furniture Packages
* 2D Packaged-Products Considered Flat for Parcel Delivery System Shipment
* 2E Packaged-Products Considered Elongated for Parcel Delivery System Shipment
* 3A Packaged-Products 150 lb (70 kg) or Less for Parcel Delivery System Shipment
* 3C Packaged-Products 150 lb (68 kg) or Less for Parcel Delivery System Shipment
* 3D Small Packaged-Products Bagged for Parcel Delivery System Shipment
* 3E Unitized Loads of Same Product
* 3F Packaged Products for Distribution Center to Retail Outlet Shipment 100 lb (45 kg)
* 3H Performance Test for Products or Packaged-Products in Mechanically Handled Bulk Transport Containers
* 5B Focused Simulation Guide for Thermal Performance Testing of Temperature Controlled Transport Packaging
* 7A Open Reusable Transport Containers for Loads of 60 lbs (27 kg) or Less and Unitized for Shipment on a Pallet
* 7B Closed Reusable Transport Containers for Loads of 150 lb (68 kg) or Less
* 7C Reusable Intermediate Bulk Containers
* 7D Thermal Controlled Transport Packaging for Parcel Delivery System Shipment

The various tests can be organized in several ways, as follows:

By Series:
* 1 Series: Non-Simulation Integrity Performance Tests. Challenge the strength and robustness of the product and package combination. Not designed to simulate environmental occurrences. Useful as screening tests, particularly when used as a consistent benchmark over time.

* 2 Series: Partial Simulation Performance Tests. Tests with at least one element of 3 Series type General Simulation performance test, such as atmospheric conditioning or mode-shaped random vibration and at least one element of a 1 Series type non-simulation integrity test.

* 3 Series: General Simulation Performance Tests. Designed to provide a laboratory simulation of the damage-producing forces and conditions of transport environments. Applicable across broad sets of circumstances, such as a variety of vehicle types and routes, or a varying number of handling exposures. Characteristics will include simple shaped random vibration, different drop heights applied to the sample package, and/or atmospheric conditioning such as tropical wet or winter/frozen.

* 4 Series: Enhanced Simulation Performance Tests. In many ways similar to General Simulation tests, but incorporating the latest information on environmental hazards, and with test sequences based on user-defined descriptions of distribution means. Not currently in use, but under development.

* 5 Series: Focused Simulation Performance Tests. Guides to providing a laboratory simulation based on actual field measured hazards and levels. Measured hazards will typically include complex shaped random vibration, multi-tiered drop height distribution, temperature and humidity extremes and/or cycling, and dynamic or static compressive loads.

* 7 Series: Development Tests. These tests are used in the development of transport packages. They can be used to compare relative performance of two or more container designs, but are not intended to evaluate the protection afforded packaged-products.

* The 6-Series is reserved for future expansion of ISTA tests. Not currently in use.

1-Series tests are typically quite basic, usually require relatively low-cost equipment, and can be performed by moderately skilled operators. In terms of damage prediction/prevention and overall system cost optimization, however, the higher-series tests can be more effective.


By Distribution Mode or Type:
Any distribution mode
Individual packages weighing 150 lb (68 kg) or less: ISTA 1A, 1C, 1G, 2A

Any distribution mode
Individual packages weighing over 150 lb (68 kg): ISTA 1B, 1D, 1H, 2B

Individual packages, small parcel delivery mode: ISTA 3A, 3C, 3D, 2D, 2E

Unitized load, any distribution mode:
ISTA 1E, 3E

Reusuable systems, any distribution mode:
ISTA 3H

Furniture packages:
ISTA 2C

Non-unitized DC to retail:
ISTA 3F

Thermal performance:
ISTA 5B

Development tests
Open container: ISTA 7A
Closed container: ISTA 7B
Intermediate Bulk Container (IBC): ISTA 7C
Thermal performance: ISTA 7D

This information can be found on the ISTA website, with more detail, at www.ista.org.

To determine applicable tests for any given situation, the list may be narrowed down based on the above information. Then each individual Procedure or Project should be examined in detail to arrive at the one best suited.

Members can contact ISTA Headquarters for help with test interpretation. Assistance with test selection in specific circumstances and/or problem situations is available as a service from many ISTA labs, consultants, and members.