多环芳烃化合物在欧洲新的限制
New restriction in Euroope on
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
多环芳烃化合物在欧洲新的限制
n Accident happen,from the report on July 1,2005-9-15
n Found hazardous substance发现有毒物质
One Chemical laboratory found Hazardous substances in ALD-NORD’s product,oen 1000Wangle mill with price as 12 Euro.This product has a good power pertirmance;but was found 5 carcinogenous substances in cable, and one allergenous substance in handle and shell
一家化学实验室在ALDI-NORD超市出售的一款1000瓦售12欧元的角磨中发现了有毒物质。这款产品有良好的性能。但在电源线中发现了5种致癌物，在手柄和外壳中发现了致敏物质。
n Story
About middle of june,2005,somebody found the strong chemical odor on handle of ham,mer saled in ALDI-NORD,then the oroduct was sent to the chemical lab for testing,The result was:found high concentration PAHs,Then since this case,the angle mill had to send to chemical lab, also found PAHs, so in the future, supervision department department will sample all the suspicious product for testing.
大约在2005年6月中，有人在一款ALDI-NORD销售的锤子的手柄上发现散发出一股浓烈的化学气味，经过测试发现了高浓度的多环芳香烃（PAHs）。这个骇人的结果迫使这款角磨不得不送到化学实验室里做化学分析，也发现含有害物质。物品测试机构今后会对所有被怀疑含有PAHs物质的产品进行化学检测。
n What Are They?
他们是什么
n PAHs are a group of chemicals that are formed the incomplete burning of coal, oil and gas, garbage, or other organic substances.
多环芳烃是一组化学物质，他们是由未经完全燃烧的煤. 油和气. 垃圾. 或是其他有机物质形成的。
n PAHs can be formed through natural processes or those related to human activies
多环芳烃可由自然过程或与人类活动相关的确行为造成。
n There are more than 100 different PAHs.Most PAHs do occur alone in the environment. Rather they are found as mixtures of two or more PAHs
有超过100种.10，000个不同的多环芳烃化合物。绝大多数的多环芳烃在环境中不是单独存在，它们往往是两个或更多的多环芳烃的混合物。
n Thete can also be found substances such as crude oil,coal,creosote,and road/rooging tar
它们还可以在一些物质中，如原油，煤，杂芬油，和焦油（沥青）等
Toxicity
毒性
n Although unmetabolized PAHs can have toxic effects,the major concern in animals is the ability of reactive metabolites to bind to proteins and DNA.
虽然非代谢变化的多环芳烃有毒性反应，但主要涉及在动物的蛋白质和DNA的代谢反应的能力。
n Four,five and six ring PAHs have greater carcinogenic potential than do two,three or seven ring PAHs.
四，五和六环多环芳烃比二，三和七环的多环芳烃有更强的致癌作用。
K2:Suspected human carcinogen; Evidence from human and/or animal studies,Strength of evidence together woth additional considerations. Bwlow compounds are K2..
怀疑有致癌作用，根据人体和动物试验的研究。以下化合物是K2:
Benzanthracene Chtysene Benzofluornthene Bdezofluoranthene Benzopyrene Dibenzanthracene
n The addition of alkyl groups to PAHs enhances the carcinogenic potential of these compounds.
烷烃加在多环芳烃上的系列会提高这些化合物的致癌作用。
n PAHs in Products made of Rubber/caoutchouc/Plastic
橡胶，天然橡胶，塑料产品中多环芳烃的来源
n They come from tar-oils,i.e.residues from oil refining,which are added to the rubber as p;asticizers,This has the following background:
它们来源于焦油一炼油的残留，它被用于橡胶和有些塑胶的增塑剂。它有以下背景：
一 During the manufacturing of caourchouk the addition of fillinf materials is profitable.lf a lot of filling marerial(usually calcium sulphate)is used,the rubber turns hard.The material becomes softer again,when mineral oils are added.
在天然橡胶和某些朔料（如PA6）的生产过程中，填充物的添加是必须的，如果用了很多的填充料（经常是硫酸钙），材料会变硬；当加入矿物油后，材料才会变软。
一 lf however instead of clean oils tar used, these ofien contain hidh amounts of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, which-as discussed before-are known to be carcinogenic.
如果用了矿物油焦油，就会含有多环芳烃一致癌物。
一 Products that may also contain these oils are for example tools with rubber parts, personal safety equipment, wheels, furniture parts, decoration articles, etc. Especially on using the from recycled wheel
产品含有这些油，例如有橡胶件的工具；个人防护用品，轮胎 ，家具部件等。特别是用回收的劣质轮胎的橡胶材料。
n Limit of PAHs
多环芳烃限制和限量指标
n Currently there are no specific legal limit values for the use of PAHs anf\d tar oils in products in EU
目前在欧洲没有明确的法律限量指标去限制多环芳烃和产品中的焦油。
n For extender oils for the manufacturing of tyres(Proposal for an EC-Directive…on the restriction of the use of certain PAHs in extender oils and tyres,13.02.2004) PAH amounts are already demanded to be less than 10 mg/kg.The limit value for oroducts with skin contact when used as intended,should in our opinion be even lower.
对于用于生产轮胎的添加剂油，一个提议中的欧盟指令，在2004年2月13日已经有推荐的限量指标：10ppm.
n How to do next?
下一步如何做？
Use the purified or cleaned mineral oil,and not to use the Tar Oil as the additive of rubber.
用干净的纯的矿物油，不要用焦油作橡胶的添假剂
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
多环芳烃化合物在欧洲新的限制
n Accident happen,from the report on July 1,2005-9-15
n Found hazardous substance发现有毒物质
One Chemical laboratory found Hazardous substances in ALD-NORD’s product,oen 1000Wangle mill with price as 12 Euro.This product has a good power pertirmance;but was found 5 carcinogenous substances in cable, and one allergenous substance in handle and shell
一家化学实验室在ALDI-NORD超市出售的一款1000瓦售12欧元的角磨中发现了有毒物质。这款产品有良好的性能。但在电源线中发现了5种致癌物，在手柄和外壳中发现了致敏物质。
n Story
About middle of june,2005,somebody found the strong chemical odor on handle of ham,mer saled in ALDI-NORD,then the oroduct was sent to the chemical lab for testing,The result was:found high concentration PAHs,Then since this case,the angle mill had to send to chemical lab, also found PAHs, so in the future, supervision department department will sample all the suspicious product for testing.
大约在2005年6月中，有人在一款ALDI-NORD销售的锤子的手柄上发现散发出一股浓烈的化学气味，经过测试发现了高浓度的多环芳香烃（PAHs）。这个骇人的结果迫使这款角磨不得不送到化学实验室里做化学分析，也发现含有害物质。物品测试机构今后会对所有被怀疑含有PAHs物质的产品进行化学检测。
n What Are They?
他们是什么
n PAHs are a group of chemicals that are formed the incomplete burning of coal, oil and gas, garbage, or other organic substances.
多环芳烃是一组化学物质，他们是由未经完全燃烧的煤. 油和气. 垃圾. 或是其他有机物质形成的。
n PAHs can be formed through natural processes or those related to human activies
多环芳烃可由自然过程或与人类活动相关的确行为造成。
n There are more than 100 different PAHs.Most PAHs do occur alone in the environment. Rather they are found as mixtures of two or more PAHs
有超过100种.10，000个不同的多环芳烃化合物。绝大多数的多环芳烃在环境中不是单独存在，它们往往是两个或更多的多环芳烃的混合物。
n Thete can also be found substances such as crude oil,coal,creosote,and road/rooging tar
它们还可以在一些物质中，如原油，煤，杂芬油，和焦油（沥青）等
Toxicity
毒性
n Although unmetabolized PAHs can have toxic effects,the major concern in animals is the ability of reactive metabolites to bind to proteins and DNA.
虽然非代谢变化的多环芳烃有毒性反应，但主要涉及在动物的蛋白质和DNA的代谢反应的能力。
n Four,five and six ring PAHs have greater carcinogenic potential than do two,three or seven ring PAHs.
四，五和六环多环芳烃比二，三和七环的多环芳烃有更强的致癌作用。
K2:Suspected human carcinogen; Evidence from human and/or animal studies,Strength of evidence together woth additional considerations. Bwlow compounds are K2..
怀疑有致癌作用，根据人体和动物试验的研究。以下化合物是K2:
Benzanthracene Chtysene Benzofluornthene Bdezofluoranthene Benzopyrene Dibenzanthracene
n The addition of alkyl groups to PAHs enhances the carcinogenic potential of these compounds.
烷烃加在多环芳烃上的系列会提高这些化合物的致癌作用。
n PAHs in Products made of Rubber/caoutchouc/Plastic
橡胶，天然橡胶，塑料产品中多环芳烃的来源
n They come from tar-oils,i.e.residues from oil refining,which are added to the rubber as p;asticizers,This has the following background:
它们来源于焦油一炼油的残留，它被用于橡胶和有些塑胶的增塑剂。它有以下背景：
一 During the manufacturing of caourchouk the addition of fillinf materials is profitable.lf a lot of filling marerial(usually calcium sulphate)is used,the rubber turns hard.The material becomes softer again,when mineral oils are added.
在天然橡胶和某些朔料（如PA6）的生产过程中，填充物的添加是必须的，如果用了很多的填充料（经常是硫酸钙），材料会变硬；当加入矿物油后，材料才会变软。
一 lf however instead of clean oils tar used, these ofien contain hidh amounts of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, which-as discussed before-are known to be carcinogenic.
如果用了矿物油焦油，就会含有多环芳烃一致癌物。
一 Products that may also contain these oils are for example tools with rubber parts, personal safety equipment, wheels, furniture parts, decoration articles, etc. Especially on using the from recycled wheel
产品含有这些油，例如有橡胶件的工具；个人防护用品，轮胎 ，家具部件等。特别是用回收的劣质轮胎的橡胶材料。
n Limit of PAHs
多环芳烃限制和限量指标
n Currently there are no specific legal limit values for the use of PAHs anf\d tar oils in products in EU
目前在欧洲没有明确的法律限量指标去限制多环芳烃和产品中的焦油。
n For extender oils for the manufacturing of tyres(Proposal for an EC-Directive…on the restriction of the use of certain PAHs in extender oils and tyres,13.02.2004) PAH amounts are already demanded to be less than 10 mg/kg.The limit value for oroducts with skin contact when used as intended,should in our opinion be even lower.
对于用于生产轮胎的添加剂油，一个提议中的欧盟指令，在2004年2月13日已经有推荐的限量指标：10ppm.
n How to do next?
下一步如何做？
Use the purified or cleaned mineral oil,and not to use the Tar Oil as the additive of rubber.
用干净的纯的矿物油，不要用焦油作橡胶的添假剂
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johnnie1107
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这个好像不对，目前应该是以 1ppm为限定值 (目前各个机构的测量精度都在0,5ppm )