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GRR是什么?

 GRR指“量具的重复性和复现性”,英文是“Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility ”,表示量测的重复性(Repeatability)与再生性(Reproducibility)
  可以图表方式说明如下:
  为计算再现性(Repeatability),在其取得数据时应符合下列条件:
  ◆同一人员 ◆相同的归零条件
  ◆同一产品 ◆同一位置
  ◆同样的环境条件 ◆数据要在短时间内取得
  再现性的目的只是要获知设备的变异性。
  再生性(Reproducibility)则希望获知不同条件下的变异,因此取得数据时应符合下列条件:
  ◆不同的人员 ◆不同的归零条件
  ◆ 不同的位置 ◆不同的环境
  ◆数据宜在较长期间内取得
  根据数据类型不同Gauge R&R评估分为计数型Discrete(离散型)和计量型Continuous(连续型)。

编辑本段GRR目的何在?  答:若我们抽测100支圆杆的外径,我们可以得到100组数据,它形成一个分配( , )
  但是若深究这些数据的分配是否会永远如此呢?其实并不尽然,因为同样的样本若交给同一个人第二天再量一次,它就不可能与原来的分配( , )完全相同。同样地,同一组样本若交给另一个人用同样的量具来量,当然也就会再形成另一个分配( , )。
  有了这样的认知,我们就明白原始的数据标准差( )中其实己含盖了产品真值标准差( ),量器量测误差( )及其它随机误差( )其关系如下:
  GRR的目的就是要降低量测误差( ),使量测值之 尽量接近 (真值之标准差)。

编辑本段GRR的优劣是否有放诸四海皆准的共识呢?  答:这是一个好问题,目前举世公认的原则与分级标准如下:
  上面公式的分子为何要乘5.15?
  答:这是因为计算GRR时是采用99%的信赖区间,依据常态分配99%的范围含盖在 2.575个 之内,所以分子要乘5.15(2 2.575)。



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